Gait

The following is a collection of research abstracts pertaining to the application of rTMS and other electromagnetic stimulation techniques for the relief of Parkinson's disease symptoms. There is also additional supporting evidence for the proposed potential of electromagnetic therapy application for relieving the symptoms of Parkinson's disease as well as support for the associated theory of mechanism of operation driving the change.

1. Freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease is improved by treatment with weak electromagnetic fields.
   Int J Neurosci. 1996 Mar;85(1-2):111-24.
   Sandyk R
   NeuroCommunication Research Laboratories, Danbury, CT 06811, USA.

   Freezing, a symptom characterized by difficulty in the initiation and smooth pursuit of repetitive movements, is a unique and well known clinical feature of Parkinson's disease (PD). It usually occurs in patients with long duration and advanced stage of the disease and is a major cause of disability often resulting in falling. In PD patients freezing manifests most commonly as a sudden attack of immobility usually experienced during walking, attempts to turn while walking, or while approaching a destination. Less commonly it is expressed as arrest of speech or handwriting. The pathophysiology of Parkinsonian freezing, which is considered a distinct clinical feature independent of akinesia, is poorly understood and is believed to involve abnormalities in dopamine and norepinephrine neurotransmission in critical motor control areas including the frontal lobe, basal ganglia, locus coeruleus and spinal cord. In general, freezing is resistant to pharmacological therapy although in some patients reduction or increase in levodopa dose may improve this symptom. Three medicated PD patients exhibiting disabling episodes of freezing of gait are presented in whom brief, extracerebral applications of pulsed electromagnetic fields (EMFs) in the picotesla range improved freezing. Two patients had freezing both during "on" and "off" periods while the third patient experienced random episodes of freezing throughout the course of the day. The effect of each EMFs treatment lasted several days after which time freezing gradually reappeared, initially in association with "off" periods. These findings suggest that the neurochemical mechanisms underlying the development of freezing are sensitive to the effects of EMFs, which are believed to improve freezing primarily through the facilitation of serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmission at both junctional (synaptic) and nonjunctional neuronal target sites.

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For people living with Parkinson’s disease in the Detroit metro area, Pico-Tesla Magnetic Therapies is running clinical trials to demonstrate the efficacy of the Resonator® device which is used for pulsed magnetic field therapy. Those who qualify for this non significant risk, non-invasive procedure will be asked to sit within a low strength magnetic field three times per week for 8 weeks with each session lasting about 1.5 hours. This new magnetic therapy approach focuses on improving the quality of life for people living with Parkinson’s disease.

Patients living in southeast Michigan can call Pico-Tesla Magnetic Therapies at 303-795-3222 for more information. The clinical trial itself will be held at their office in Novi, Michigan, which is located northwest of Detroit, and serving the counties of Oakland, Wayne, and Macomb in Michigan.